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Showing 1–12 of 19 results

  • Alexandria 619

    Alexandria 619

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    The Sassanid Empire poised itself for an invasion of Byzantine Egypt following its victories in the eastern Byzantine territories of Syria and Palestine. After entering Egypt in 617, the Sassanids reached its capital Alexandria in 619. Sources describing the battle for the city are scarce and give varying accounts of... More
  • Battle of Ad Decimum 533

    Battle of Ad Decimum 533

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    The Battle of Ad Decimum unfolded as the Byzantines advanced towards Carthage during their attempt to reconquer Vandal territory in North Africa. Belisarius led the Byzantine Army against the army of Gelimer, king of the Vandals and Alans. The armies met 10 miles (16 km) south of Carthage as the... More
  • Battle of Manzikert 1071

    Battle of Manzikert 1071

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    On 26 August 1071, the Battle of Manzikert initiated the decline of the Byzantine Empire. The Byzantine emperor, Romanos IV Diogenes, troubled by Turkish Seljuk incursions into Byzantine Anatolia, mobilized a large army on his empire’s eastern borders, from which he entered Turkish-controlled Armenia. Once he reached the town of... More
  • Byzantine Constantinople 1260

    Byzantine Constantinople 1260

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    During the Fourth Crusade in 1204, much of Constantinople and its priceless architecture was destroyed by the crusading Christian armies from western Europe. Following a lengthy siege, the Latin Christian armies broke through the city’s defences and sacked some of its most important sites, including the Hagia Sofia and Justinian’s... More
  • Byzantine Empire 1030

    Byzantine Empire 1030

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    Following a period of great military success under Basil II, his successors soon demonstrated that they were less able. The second emperor to succeed Basil II, Romanos III, came under repeated attacks by Muslim forces on the eastern frontier and saw them as an opportunity to prove his capability in... More
  • Byzantine Empire 1045

    Byzantine Empire 1045

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    In 1045 the Macedonian Dynasty was involved in the culmination of a lengthy period of political turmoil that revolved around Zoë Porphyrogenita, daughter of Constantine VIII who died in 1028. Constantine VIII married her to his selected heir Romanos III shortly before his death, however their marriage turned sour and... More
  • Byzantine Empire 1095

    Byzantine Empire 1095

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    The year 1095 saw a call to arms across all of Christian Europe in preparation for the First Crusade. By this point, the Byzantine Empire had been in steady decline for some time and had lost much of its traditional heartland in Anatolia to the Seljuk Empire. The Byzantines were... More
  • Byzantine Empire 1278

    Byzantine Empire 1278

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    Michael VIII oversaw the restoration of the Byzantine Empire after Constantinople was recaptured from the Latin Empire in 1261. Throughout Michael’s reign, there was a concerted effort to re-establish the Latin Empire and return Constantinople to the control of the pope. This effort was mainly driven by the King of... More
  • Byzantine Empire 1328

    Byzantine Empire 1328

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    At the end of the Byzantine civil war of 1321–28, Andronikos III Palaiologos emerged victorious against his grandfather Andronikos II Palaiologos. The civil war started when Andronikos III was exiled after he killed his brother Manuel because of an affair. Andronikos III set up his own government in Adrianople and... More
  • Byzantine Empire 1430

    Byzantine Empire 1430

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    The year 1430 saw the fall of Thessalonika to the Ottoman Empire after eight years of fighting between the Byzantines, the Venetians and the Ottomans. As pressure from the Ottomans increased and Thessalonika was surrounded, the city’s government asked for assistance from the Venetians in return for increased economic privileges... More
  • Byzantine Empire 732

    Byzantine Empire 732

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    By the year 732, the Byzantine Empire ruled by Leo III (r. 717-741) who had begun to restore order to the administrative workings of the empire following the Twenty Years’ Anarchy in which numerous emperors were installed and overthrown after the deposition of Justinian II in 711. Leo III was... More
  • Byzantium and the East 840

    Byzantium and the East 840

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    The military tsunami of the Rashidun caliphate conquered half of the Byzantine Empire in the middle of the 7th century. In response, the Byzantines became furiously consumed by an abstruse doctrinal dispute over whether Christ had one (divine) or two (human and divine) natures. A four-year siege of Constantinople finally... More