Doctrine – Page 2 – The Map Archive

Showing 13–24 of 28 results

Evangelicals of the World 2000
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Evangelicals of the World 2000
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The global spread of Evangelicalism can be traced to the missionary movements of the 19th century, when European and American evangelicals travelled to Africa and Asia to spread the word. In 1951 evangelicals formed the World Evangelical Fellowship (WEF), and more than 110 regional and national organizations are now affiliated... More
Holiness in the United States
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Holiness in the United States
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The Holiness movement traces its origins to notions of perfectionism within Methodism, which emerged during the early 19th century. It is focused on the ‘second work of grace’ (or ‘second blessing’), which refers to a personal experience of regeneration, in which the believer is cleansed of original sin. It flourished... More
Medieval Heresy and Dissent
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Medieval Heresy and Dissent
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Medieval Christianity was riven by dissenting religious movements that the Church anathematized as ‘heresies’. Of all the mediaeval heretical groups, the Albigensians, or Cathars, presented the most radical threat to Christian orthodoxy, believing that there were two Gods, the good God of the spiritual world and the evil God of... More
Medieval Western Christendom 1303–1420
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Medieval Western Christendom 1303–1420
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Owing to civil unrest in Rome, Pope Clement V moved the papal court to Avignon in 1309. Pope Gregory XI returned to Rome in 1377, but soon regretted his decision. He planned to return to Avignon but died before the move could be executed: in the ensuing chaos, rival popes... More
Online Christian Preaching 2000
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Online Christian Preaching 2000
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The internet has transformed the way in which humans access information and communicate with each other and its impact on Christians has been profound. The internet has created an online Christian community worldwide and has facilitated the dissemination of the Christian message to an unprecedentedly large global communion. Religious leaders... More
Pentecostalism in the United States 1900–14
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Pentecostalism in the United States 1900–14
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Charles Fox Parham’s Bethel Bible College at Topeka in Kansas, was the source of the Pentecostal movement. It was here that Parham’s students began to speak in ‘tongues’ – ecstatic speech or glossolalia. Initially met with disbelief and ridicule, Parham’s espousal of the practice of faith healing also became a... More
Pentecostalism in the World 2000
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Pentecostalism in the World 2000
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Nearly all Pentecostal denominations trace their origins to the Azusa Street Revival, in Los Angeles (1906–10). In 1914 several small Pentecostal groups in Hot Springs, Arkansas, formed the intensely mission-conscious Assemblies of God, which combined foreign missions with domestic outreach amongst urban populations, on Indian reservations and in prisons. They... More
Secularism and Faith 1848–1915
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Secularism and Faith 1848–1915
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The French Revolution and Napoleonic wars had swept away the old aristocratic-clerical dominance of the hierarchy, and Catholics all over Europe looked once again to the ultimate authority of the pope. The papacy regarded the upsurge of liberal and nationalist movements in the 19th century with great suspicion. 1848 was... More
The Byzantine Empire under Leo III 717–41
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The Byzantine Empire under Leo III 717–41
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In the 8th century Eastern Christianity, reeling from the Islamic assault and in a crisis of self-confidence, experienced the convulsion known as iconoclasm, which was officially promulgated by Emperor Leo III (717–41). Icons are works of religious art, commonly depicting Christ, the Virgin Mary and the saints and angels, which... More
The Faultline of Faith 1945
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The Faultline of Faith 1945
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Many members of the clergy had cooperated with the anti-Bolshevik White Armies during the Russian civil war of 1918–22 and the Church was subject to severe persecution throughout the 1920s and 1930s, although Soviet figures estimate that one-third of the urban population and two-thirds of the rural population still held... More
The Great Schism of 1054
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The Great Schism of 1054
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The Eastern and Western churches had become increasingly estranged from the 5h century onwards. Doctrinal divisions were reflected in growing cultural divisions. In the Byzantine church the head of state was also head of the church – irreconcilable with the independence (at least in aspiration) of the papacy. Pope Leo... More
The Least Religious Countries c. 2000
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The Least Religious Countries c. 2000
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A survey conducted in 2018 amongst young people in 12 European countries showed very large proportions who denied having any faith at all: the Czech Republic was the least religious country with 91% of 16–29-year-olds claiming no religious affiliation. Only in Poland, Portugal and Ireland did more than 10% of... More